What is cut and what is bulk phase?

I'm sure you've heard about the cut or bulk phase, but what exactly is it?

Whoever does bodybuilding, their body is always in constant transformation due to the objectives set to achieve. The strategy that does not fail is the implementation of a food plan that corresponds to certain phases of weight gain (phase of building muscle mass - BULK) or the weight loss phase (phase to clean the fat retained in the body and leave the muscle with definition - CUT).

Explaining in detail:

Cut or Calorie Deficit Phase - Process that promotes fat loss, so there is weight and fluid loss in the body.
The aim of the process is to ingest fewer calories than those we burn in training and on a daily basis.

The physique becomes very athletic, but it is not a sustainable phase in the long term, because the body begins to accumulate fatigue and sometimes it messes with the psychological. Performance in training can be affected, as well as sleep, because it is necessary to adjust the loads in weight training and take extra rests to recover well.
There are many variables that can enter into the deficit process (from diet, high volume workouts and cardio). It's good to have help from a professional so they can point you in the right direction and smart diet choices.
The process has to be done gradually and patiently, as the goal is to preserve as much lean mass as possible that we build during workouts.

Bulk Phase - Promotes weight gain in order to build lean mass (muscle). You can only build muscle if your diet is strategically adjusted to have a caloric surplus, in other words, if you ingest more calories than you burn in your workouts and on a daily basis. The body gains more volume in weight, which gives the illusion of more curves, the abdominal area is generally covered without any definition. As the body receives more calories, perfomance in workouts improves and so does sleep.